An introduction, chapter 12 on the politics of development, describe the differences between modernization theory and dependency theory. The theory looks at the internal factors of a country while assuming that, with assistance, traditional countries can be brought to development in the same manner more developed countries have. Comparison of dependency theory with modernization theory. Dependency theory grew influential in latin america in the 1960s and 1970s, largely in reaction to modernisation theory and free trade policies, which originated in the west. Review journal a paper for theory of political economic development this journal was written by j.
The dependency theory, while in acceptance of capitalism, also. Implicit in the word dependency, regardless of how it is defined or illdefined, are two essential elements. The following report will attempt to analyze and critique our nations potential options concerning social and fiscal policy and use this information in an attempt to recommend future policy agenda. The modernization theory looks at capitalism as a creative force and believes that it is capable of driving the third world towards a higher standard of living just as it did for the developed countries. Latin american radical political economy in retrospect pdf. Modernization theory believes that social equality is the result of material growth while dependency theory believes that eth dependent country enhances social inequality which can lead to political authoritarianism modernization theory and dependency theory, 2005. Like any other theory, the dependency theory has its advantages and limitations. The development of countries is vulnerable to the impact of multiple factors. Naturally, this fact determined the principal difference between these theories, but, nevertheless, there are still certain similarities between modernization and dependency theories. Development and underdevelopment in the third world. Not all dependency theorists, however, are marxist and one should clearly distinguish between dependency and a theory of imperialism. For example, modernisation theory sees ldcs as backward societies that need our help to develop, whilst dependency theory sees us as exploiting them for cheap labour and raw materials.
The second lesson is that arab nations show remarkable differences in. They both seem to operate on the same basic premise, and im having a hard time. Dependency theory, despite its radically different focus on the causes of underdevelopment, also rests upon masculinist conceptions of the unfolding of history, human labour, and the gendered divisions between the public and the private realms. Since 1970, mineral extraction has dominated the national economy, producing 5 million tonnes of copper between 1970 and 2007. Its the difference between individuality capitalism and socialism. In this regard, it is possible to distinguish the modernization and dependency theories.
Aug 31, 2017 the international dependency theory is a theory of development economics which states that economic relations between wealthy and poor nations are strictly detrimental to the lessdeveloped nations. At the same time, the development of different countries has multiple theoretical explanations. Oct 30, 20 we can analyse the dependency theory from three aspects. From view of dependency theory, it attributes rural poverty to the continuous pillage of human and nonhuman resources from the satellite to the metropolis. A critique of modernization and dependency theories in.
Ii the dependency and worldsystems perspectives on development alvin y. A comparison of modernization theory, dependency theory. Compare and contrast modernization theory, dependency theory, and globalization theory. What is the difference between modernization theory and. Examine the debates between modernization and dependency theory. Difference between modernization theory and dependency theory. First of all, it should be said that dependency theory was developed in response to modernization theory out of sheer criticism of the latter theory by the supporters of dependency theory. The people who follow this are considered dependency theorist. Economic theory, democracy, and the progressive church the overriding difference between modernization theory and dependency theory is that where modernization theory contends that there are universal practices that result in economic success, dependency theory states that poor countries are subordinated by wealthier ones in order to maintain. A critique of modernization and dependency theories in africa. Sep 01, 2015 a strength of the dependency theory in explaining underdevelopment in the pacific is in the manner in which papua new guineas resources have been exploited by international capital, namely from australia.
Dependency theory highlights that due to colonial and postcolonial endeavors the countries at the periphery. Introduction dependency theory, as a theory that purports to explain the related conditions of economic development and the lack of, and evident need for it, in the countries of the periphery, or third worlda condition that some dependistas theorists of dependency refer to as underdevelopmenthas. Modernization theory vs dependency theory the path to modernization is one never clearly defined. Worldsystems theory, dependency theory and global inequality. Modernization theory vs dependency theory while many theorists have numerous explanations towards underdevelopment, experts like david brooks and peter hallward have described the natural disaster in haiti to be brutally destructive primarily due to its poverty. Dependency theory vs modernization theory essay 22 words. My understanding is that both seem to involve a core region metropole extracting resources from a periphery. The dependency theory, while in acceptance of capitalism, also looks at it with suspicion. Dependency theory states that it is the unleveled distribution of power in global politics and markets that keeps underdeveloped regions in poverty.
Historical developments and theoretical approaches in sociology vol. How does the modernization theory and dependency theory. This essay will analyze the definitions of modernisation and dependency theory, the similarities and differences between them and it will evaluate which one is more convincing. This theory also, addressed such issues as poverty and economic underdevelopment throughout the world. The dependency theory offers a very interesting and penetrating analysis of politics in the underdeveloped countries and also of the nature and scope of relations between them and the developed countries. Most of the dependency theorists use the centreperiphery paradigm for this purpose. There is much criticism that modernization theory is eurocentric.
I pulled out the below from wiki, to show briefly, what these two essentially say. Modernization versus dependency in the context of colonial. The practical premises of both are the same, as one should expect given that worldsystems theory is essentially building on top of and with dependency theory. According to valenzuela and valenzuela, the core difference between modernization and dependency theories.
Marx and modernization shlomo avineri i arx had a specific theory about the nature of noneuropean societies, and this theory determined his views on the conditions and possibilities of industrialization and modernization in nonwestern countries. According to fostercarter 1973, there are three main differences between the. Modernization theories are recent in development and its practice was in the period 1945 1955, however the period of enlightenment throughout the 18th century can be seen as the start of portraying western ideas as above those of the third world. Modernization or dependency 72 95 modernization theory and underdevelopment dependency theory and underdevelopment dependency in a specific historical context. The theory arose as a reaction to modernization theory, an earlier theory of. Modernization and dependency theory essay writing blog. Huntington is alerting to the problem that some societies reach such social and. What is the difference between dependency theory and world systems theory in postcolonialism. Start studying modernization theory v dependency theory. Do you think dependency theory and globalization theory are also biased. The dependencia school believes that dependency is an external condition, that. The aim of this essay is to compare and contrast the modernization and dependency theories.
The international dependency theory is a theory of development economics which states that economic relations between wealthy and poor nations are strictly detrimental to the lessdeveloped nations. Jan 03, 2014 in modernization theory, development of africa is as a responsibility of the metropolitan states. Comparison, contrasts and similarities between the. These theories are quite different but they give insight toward understanding the essence of the development of different countries.
Jul 11, 2016 in this video, i look at some of the causes of global economic inequality. If i got it right, these two are not exactly contrasting or contradictory. Aug 31, 2015 key difference modernization theory vs dependency theory modernization theory and dependency theory are two development theories between which some difference can be identified. Developmentalism, modernity, and dependency theory in latin. Dependency theory is in large part a theory of development in the third world, it seek to provide explanations for third world development and explanations that the modernisation theory failed to give. Modernization theory involves five steps, as stated by one of the most influential american modernization theorist ever, in our course reader, w. Pdf compare and contrast dependency and modernisation theories.
It then attempts to determine which theory explains what is going wrong in developing countries. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Similarities between modernization theory and dependency theory 3. There are a few similarities between dependency theory and modernization theory ill explain it in the bottom line, but their difference are more. Modernization theory v dependency theory flashcards quizlet. Developmentalism, modernity, and dependency theory in. Currently, modernization and dependency theories are the two worldwide accepted speculations illuminating the diversification in the economic growth of these countries. They fail to understand that value systems and institutions tend to be culturespecific. The dependency theory, introduced by raul prebisch in the late 1950s, is an economic concept that identifies a financial dependence between the rich and the poor nations. Modernization versus dependency in the context of colonial bengal by r1uha11ad shahidullah, b. Worlds such as developed and underdeveloped that construct the argument of dependency theory are subjective and different people will view these different terms in different lights. Apr 17, 20 modernization theory is a theory used to explain the process of modernization within societies.
Globalization and the dependency theory essay example bartleby. These five steps are classifications of societies that show the natural progression they go through to reach modernization. Dependency theory is the notion that resources flow from a periphery of poor and underdeveloped states to a core of wealthy states, enriching the latter at the expense of the former. On analyzing existing differences between the two theories, first of all, it is necessary to underline that modernization theory views the development of the world. The writer used development theories inline with modernization and dependency. As an alternative to these schools of thought, this research offers an interpretation of the role of education and development based on dependency theory. Bengal suggests that the assumptions of the dependency theory. Matunhu department of development studies, midlands state university, zimbabwe. Matunhu department of development studies, midlands state university, zimbabwe and published in african journal of history and culture vol. The proponents of modernization theory claimed that underdeveloped countries were. Dependency theory is more comprehensive than modernization theory. In this video, i look at some of the causes of global economic inequality.
Dependency theory and its close relative, world systems theory look at the relationship between rich and poor countries as one of dominance and dependence. On balance, do you find modernization theory or dependency. Both have their own sets of costs and benefits as well as they do policy approaches. Modernisation and dependency repub, erasmus university. Modernization theory describes how peripheral countries become core countries by developing the capability to use their own materials to produce finished goods for their own use or for export. A strength of the dependency theory in explaining underdevelopment in the pacific is in the manner in which papua new guineas resources have been exploited by international capital, namely from australia. Dependency theory maintains that because all aspects of society in developing nations are influenced by economic dependence on industrialized nations, modernization in one sector such as.
A critique of modernization and dependency theories in africa essay. Essay on dependency theory vs modernization theory 8. Difference between modernization theory and dependency. I highlighted what i think are key points modernization theory is used to explain the p. Does worldsystems theory and dependency theory offer answers, or are more nuanced. Home accounting dictionary what is the dependency theory. This paper will discuss the modernization and dependency theories and how they have been modified in the course of time.
Modernization theory emphasises that instruction, innovation and broad communications are noteworthy reasons why created districts pull ahead from others. Modernization and dependency theory a clear and advanced look at the two theories leaves one with the assumption that they are related and therefore they can be discussed together. Dependency theory assumes that human behavior in economic matters is a constant. We can even say that the dependency theory is an antagonist of modernization theory because it deals with how developing as well as developed nations interact. Modernization theory the third world countries have experienced massive variation in the economic development since after the end of second world war. Modernization versus dependency in the context of colonial bengal. Modernization theory and early dependency theory research. It is a central contention of dependency theory that poor states are impoverished and rich ones enriched by the way poor states are integrated into the world system. The historical context just as the modernization school can be said to examine development from the angle of. On analyzing existing differences between the two theories, first of all. A comparison of modernization theory, dependency theory and. How to compare and contrast the modernization theory and. The frankian model of dependency dependency theory.
Beyond latin america chapter iii a theory of underdevelopment in sociology. Whats the difference between the modernization theory. Modernization theory believes individuals change society, while world systems theory believe in nationless one world governments where everything is ordered into. The dependency theory, believed that the global north exploits the global south. Dependency theory looks at the impacts that modernization in one district has on different parts of the world. Dependency theory is the notion that resources flow from a periphery of poor and. Nov 01, 2016 if i got it right, these two are not exactly contrasting or contradictory. More specifically, this theory holds that the richer nations increase in wealth at the expense of the poorer nations. Yet this theory is hardly known, though it is extremely interesting and sometimes contradicts the. In fact, the modernization theory and the dependency theory focus on different aspects of the development of countries.
Developmentalism,modernity,anddependencytheory developmentalism became a global ideology of the capitalist worldeconomy. Modernization theory is also a development theory that emerged before the dependency theory. The dependency theory emerged in the 1960s but became popular in the 1970s. Modernization theory is a theory used to explain the process of modernization within societies. Marxist schools had significant differences but agreed on some basic points. The struggle between the modernization and the dependentista. The modernization theory believes that there are steps to success for every country. This is the key difference between modernization theory and dependency theory. What are the main differences between modernization theory and. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext.
Page 1 of 11 modernisation and dependency are theories which specify the concept. Compare and contrast modernization and dependency theories. Modernization theory and early dependency theory modernization and dependency theories are some of the theories developed in an attempt to explain the relationship between countries and the inequalities between underdeveloped and developed countries. According to valenzuela and valenzuela, the modernization perspective is behavioral, or microsociological. Final exam ehsan rahmanian professor mitu sengupta december 8 2016 1. Pdf compare and contrast dependency and modernisation. Worldsystems theory can be seen as a further development of dependency theory during the neoliberal era, with the theorist immanuel wallerstein being the primary theorist who advanced it. Modernization theory vs dependency theory 1227 words 5 pages. Modernization theory and the culture of dependency among third world democracies modernization theory is a description and explanation of the processes of transformation from traditional or underdeveloped societies to modern societies. Through this article let us examine the difference between the two theories.
This is attributed to the fact that they both argue from the same point of development and that development of a nation. In fact, differences between modernization theory and dependency theory result from the origin of dependency theory which, as it has been already mentioned above, was developed in response to modernization theory. Modernization and dependency theory essay example graduateway. Both modernisation and dependency theory make the mistake of treating ldcs least developed countries as homogeneous i. Gaining popularity in the 1950s, modernization theory has been one. A large argument opposing the dependency theory is the subjectivity in the theory and the terms that are often used. According to dependency theory, underdeveloped countries were doomed to stagnation because surpluses produced by these countries are appropriated by capitalist nations through agencies. Dependency theory describes how peripheral countries export materials to core countries and import finished goods from them. Modernization theory describes the transformative processes of societies from underdevelopment to modern societies. Which countries in your statecraft world represent the wealthy, developed core, and which are part of the periphery. How to compare and contrast the modernization theory. Fostercarter argues that this disguises the similarities that exist between ldcs and the west. Dependency theory picks up the pieces and connects the dots where modernization theory leaves room for interpretation. Modernization and dependency theories flashcards quizlet.
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